乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B
virus,HBV)感染是全球主要衛生問題之一,據WHO報道,全球約有2.57億慢性HBV感染者,每年約有88.7萬人死于HBV感染相關疾病。隨著HBV疫苗的應用,我國的HBV流行率已有所下降,但HBV感染人群依然龐大,目前我國一般人群HBsAg流行率為5%~6%,慢性HBV感染者約7000萬例,其中慢性乙型肝炎患者約2000萬~3000萬例[1]。在成人HBV感染者中,約90%可以自發清除HBV(表現為HBsAg陰性,HBcAb陽性),僅5%~10%的患者會發展為慢性肝炎[2]。
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